Hooks, swivels, clockwork rings, leads and sinkers.

In fishing stock of an easy class the hook takes the most important place, however frequently to this part of equipment is given least attention. That there is a fishing-rod, the reel, a scaffold and the bait operating as made «the machine for a throw» if a hook weak, its sting insufficiently sharp, clockwork rings insufficiently strong, and fish can have a bite a scaffold!

Now hooks of 50 000 various forms and are on sale the sizes. In whole they can be subdivided on unary, double and threefold. Unary hooks are used mainly with fluctuating spoon-baits, pirkes and Irish jigs, double hooks sometimes put on wobblers. Artificial baits, as a rule, are equipped with threefold hooks in spite of the fact that they work worse unary hooks. When force of a biting or cutting is distributed on three stings, any of them does not get so deeply as in the event that the same energy would be concentrated only in one point.

Popularity of tees, possibly, it is possible to explain philosophy of the fisher: if one hook - it is good, three it is doubtless - better. Experience shows, that at threefold hooks happens more bitings, but also it is more than descents, at unary - there are less than bitings, but it is more than catch. Some artificial baits can be used either with unary or with a threefold hook. On others it is established on two hooks. Traditionally Irish jigs are equipped with unary hooks, and wobblers - tees.

A hook Structure.

The Hook consists of a head, the forestock, hooks with, stings, width and small beards. The sizes of these parts, and also their names - «a concave sting», «a needle head», «border the forestock», «a return sting» etc. - can vary. In general, these names reflect an essence of things: for example, «the round head» - does not demand explanatories, «the conical head» terminates in a conical wire. Hooks with a concave sting, as a rule, are used for natural nozzles, and with a direct sting - for a spinning of artificial baits.

Hooks are produced from a carbonaceous, steel and corrosion-proof wire. Some hooks for salty water cover with tin or nickel, others bronze for catching basically in fresh water. They can be painted in blue, red or gold colours. Blue and brown are hardly noticeable, with red hooks equip the red baits similar to a boiled shrimp. Gold hooks give to artificial baits the big appeal.

At first sight the majority of new hooks look sharp enough, however it is necessary to be convinced of it. If the hook is insufficiently ground, the stone or file emery is necessary to sharpen it by means of wet. The big hooks sharpen a file, small - on a grinding stone. The sharpness of a sting of a hook should be checked after each biting or a hook for a bottom, and if necessary to sharpen it.

Clockwork rings, swivels and carabines.

Clockwork rings of the round or oval form are established either on a hook, or on a swivel. Oval connections do a hook by the most mobile. This part of equipment usually rusts first of all, therefore it is recommended to have always with itself in a stock enough of such rings.

The swivel represents the basic bearing connecting to a fishing-lines with a bait. It is developed to avoid twisting of a scaffold which usually occurs because of rotation of artificial baits. There is a set of forms and types of the swivels intended for various kinds of catching. One special kind of a swivel for artificial baits is equipped by the built in ball-bearing that does its work at a trolling of even more effective.

Swivel-carabines allow is easier and to replace baits faster. At the same time, the carabine does a bait more appreciable and slightly it makes heavier. It is better to choose carabines of the minimum sizes, especially at use of small baits. The big carbine can complicate work of a superficial bait and, probably, to cause suspicions in fish or even to frighten off it.

Leads.

Leads not only protect tackles from predators, whose mouths are full of a sharp teeth, their advantage consists also that last metres of a scaffold wear constantly out and erased, passing at conducting through stones, snags and roots. At fishing-lines throws also wears out. Use of a lead of smaller diameter, than a scaffold, does bait movements more natural. At using a fluorescent scaffold it is expedient to do last one-two metre before a bait of less appreciable usual scaffold.

Leads from strong one-or a multicore wire with a nylon covering. The pike, a muskinong or other fish with a sharp teeth can snatch with such force on a bait that will damage or even will have a bite a scaffold. If to the tackle end to adhere a piece of a strong scaffold (25 - 40 centimetres with breaking strength 20 - 30 kgs) to a predator will be to test on what a sharpness of the teeth.

Wire leads, possibly, the most reliable, however in water they are more appreciable, than nylon. Both these of type of leads can be made independently. For manufacturing of a nylon lead the carabine, a swivel and a scaffold piece are necessary. The wire lead becomes from the isolated wire, a swivel and a carabine. Most easier to make a loop on the end of the isolated wire, having wrapped up 5 - 6 times its end round a core of the lead and then to heat up this place a match. Already ready leads can be found in all shops of fishing stock.

Some fishers-sportsmen prefer leads from the naked wire, frequently made of piano strings as with them easier to work and to it the covering is not required.
The lead of the big length is called as the shock-absorber and is calculated on considerable loadings. It also carries out safety function of a lead. The shock-absorber represents a piece of a monofil scaffold 3 - 4 metres in the length, adhered directly to the basic scaffold. These additional metres of a scaffold test on themselves the biggest pressure at throws. It is important to remember however, that these 50 - 100 centimetres of the shock-absorber on the coil demand increase in force of a throw.

Sinkers

For effective catching by means of an artificial bait sometimes it is required to take advantage of a sinker. Frequently small superficial baits, such as floating wobblers, it is necessary to weight to make a good throw or to lower a bait on a bottom where 90 % of all fishes live. To throw it is possible also an artificial front sight, but sinkers are necessary as for a throw, and front sight lowering on a bottom. At a trolling (without a downrigger, or a diving glider) usually sinkers also are necessary. For work in benthonic layers it is necessary to make heavier and the big floating wobblers for pike catching.

For a good throw the sinker should possess aerodynamic qualities, and for correct movement in water - hydrodynamic. The easiest sinkers are the doubled lead pellets which fasten on a fishing-lines simple compression. They are issued various weight - from shares of gramme to several grammes. The best sinkers of such type soft enough, that allows to close them on a fishing-lines small effort. Then they can be unclenched and used again.

The doubled sinkers fasten directly on a fishing-lines. Lead installation between a bait and a scaffold, fixed by means of knot for linkage two fishing-lines can be the alternative decision. Then the necessary quantity of sinkers fastens directly on a lead. The length of a lead depends on on what distance from a bottom there should be a bait.

For weight increase at a fishing-lines it is possible to use type of a sinker with rubber fixture (rubbercor), small plastic a scotch (catarina) or pair wings (clasp). Sinkers with rubber fixture cause the minimum deterioration of a scaffold.

The big lead sinkers lowering a bait on a bottom, should be the oblong smooth form that there is nothing to cling. They can be used for catching from a moving boat, a trolling on shoal, and besides, they are rather useful to catching of a salmon in the rivers with a stony bottom. These sinkers fasten on a lead in length 30 - 120 centimetres before a bait.

At catching in river streams it is possible to use the chain of sinkers similar to those strengthened on one scaffold which is used in fishing nets. The weight of this chain can make 5-10 grammes. It can be used not only at catching on worms, but also for lowering of small wobblers, front sights and other superficial baits on a bottom. The positive side of this chain of sinkers consists that it clings to ground stones and rocks less.

One more high-speed and effective sinker represents a lead ball with an aperture in the centre. It fastens on a fishing-lines before a swivel which does not allow it to slip downwards on a fishing-lines.

On the basis of these examples it is possible to assume, that the lead with a sinker is used often enough. However in practice the lead is often bent and confused to a scaffold and a bait. According to many fishers, this problem is easy for solving by means of the American invention under the name "bait-worker" which any fisherman can make independently. This adaptation is intended for catching from a boat or for a slow trolling and consists of the piece of a rigid wire bent by a corner. The bait with the help of a scaffold fastens to the top beam, a scaffold - to a loop in the top part of this corner, and a sinker - to the bottom beam. These beams dispersing from the centre hold a bait and a sinker on distance and do not allow them to be confused.

For a trolling of the pelagian fishes living on depth of 10-20 metres, weightier sinkers are necessary. However to fish with these heavy sinkers not palatably, as to cope with them to the fisher as difficultly, as well as with the caught fish. The decision of the given problem gives the special adaptation for a trolling, named «a diving glider» and capable to fall on considerable depth. It fastens directly on a scaffold, and the bait is on distance 180 - 300 centimetres below a glider.
For a catching of fish without a sinker or for catching on depth at increase in speed it is necessary to use a downrigger.